![]() Today, scientists can change almost every type of cell into almost every other type of cell! It All Begins in Fertilization, When the Sperm Meets the EggĮmbryonic development begins the moment of fertilization, when the sperm meets the egg ( Figure 1). In 2007, researchers found a way to produce human cells with the abilities of ESCs by reprogramming regular cells so that they become stem cells. While ESCs offer promising and exciting opportunities, like the possibility of growing organs in the lab, the production of ESCs requires human embryos, which involves many technical and ethical problems. Scientists managed to grow these embryonic cells in the lab, and named them embryonic stem cells (ESCs). In the early stages, the microscopic embryo is made up of cells that have the potential to develop into all types of cells. Each cell then divides into two additional cells and so on until, after a few days of cell division, a tiny embryo develops. The fertilized egg cell divides into two cells. Fertilization occurs when the sperm cell meets the egg cell. But all human life begins with the encounter between two cells: the sperm cell from the father and the egg cell from the mother. Each tissue and organ of the body contains cells that are specialized to perform specific jobs–the liver contains liver cells, the brain contains neurons, the eyes contain light-detecting cells, and so on. "And I am worried about any moves that would slow further discovery - because we're still in the middle of this pandemic."ĪBC News' Eric Strauss and Sony Salzman contributed to this report.All living things, including humans, are made of cells. "That would not be available to make the drugs that we've had - and Trump would not have received those antibodies," Srivastava said. The one approved proposal relied on tissue already acquired, "with no need to acquire additional tissue," according to the board's report it is also noted that "tissue from miscarriage was a viable alternative to HFT."ĭeepak Srivastava, president of the Gladstone Institutes and immediate past president of the International Society for Stem Cell Research, said it's important to note that if the Trump administration's ban was in place when the cell line Regeneron uses was made - the innovations that have come from it would not have been possible - including testing the treatment Trump received. In August, the HHS ethics board advised rejecting funding for nearly every proposal involving fetal tissue: 13 out of 14. But the effectiveness of the antibody's ability to neutralize the virus was tested using a cell line derived from an aborted fetus in the 1970s. ![]() The Regeneron cocktail was developed using mouse and hamster cells. I just think it's incredibly hypocritical across the board," said Lawrence Goldstein, member of the National Institutes of Health's Human Fetal Tissue Research Ethics Advisory Board and senior faculty member at the University of California at San Diego. "President Trump has been an outspoken opponent of fetal tissue research - and he used it. The disclosure has raised anew questions about the ethical use of fetal tissue and stem cells in groundbreaking research, ahead of a presidential election in which Trump has cast himself as a fierce anti-abortion candidate. The experimental antibody treatment taken by President Donald Trump to treat COVID-19, which he called a "cure," was developed using cells derived from human fetal tissue - a research technique that his administration has sought in general to limit.
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